Detection methods,metabolism and distribution for sulfar mustard biomarkers:an overview

Sulfur mustard(2,2′-dichlorodiethyl sulfide,sulfur mustard,HD) is a vesicant that can injure skin,eyes,respiratory system,etc..Despite of being studied for a long time,the toxicological mechanism of HD has not yet been fully elucidated.Four types of HD biomarkers: hydrolysis and/or oxidation products,HD adducts with glutathione,proteins and DNA,would be generated after HD exposure.The detection methods,distribution and metabolism of HD biomarkers are focused in the review.