Objective To study the treatment for the bilateral renal vessels during retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomyand its clinical value.Methods The surgical video and clinical data of 64 cases undergoing retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy from march 2005 to december 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The renal pedicle was found located at the psoas and the medial arcuate ligament of the diaphragm for anatomic landmark before the gap of the psoas.Careful handling of the right renal vein to prevent tearing of the inferior vena cava.The left renal pedicle was found located at the abdominal aorta fatty front inner side before the gap of the psoas.To avoid tearing and omission of left renal vascular branches.Results All the operations were performed successfully with no conversion to open surgery,no blood transfusion and no severe complications.Conclusion Be familiar with the anatomical features of renal vessels and use different methods to handle the bilateral renal vessels during retroperitoneoscopie nephrectomy will help to improve the safety of the surgery.