Pharmacological Options for Inducing Maximal Hyperaemia During Studies of Fractional Flow Reserve

Measurement of fractional flow reserve(FFR) is a widely used technique in cardiac catheterisation laboratories to determine the functional significance of coronary artery stenoses.The achievement of maximal hyperaemia is a prerequisite for the accurate determination of FFR.This article focuses on the pharmacological agents that can be used for this purpose,discusses which agents can be used in specific situations,and briefly addresses the future of pharmacological stress in the catheter laboratory.