Discussion on the mechanism of sodium storage of different structural types of carbon material

Because of its rich resources and cost advantages, sodium-ion battery has attracted increasing attention in the field of large-scale energy storage. Similar to the lithium-ion battery anode, carbon materials are the most widely studied sodium storage anode materials. However, carbon materials have diverse structures relied on the treatment conditions, resulting in differences in the properties of sodium storage and even the different sodium storage mechanisms. In order to study the relationship between the carbon structure and its storage behavior, this paper comprehensively analyzes the structural characteristics and sodium storage behavior of different carbon materials, discusses the possible electrochemical mechanism, and makes possible analysis of some existing controversial areas. And this paper can also provide a reference for the development of high performance carbon-based sodium storage materials.