Novel Strategy of Gene Delivery System Based on Dendrimer Loaded Recombinant Hirudine Plasmid for Thrombus Targeting Therapy

This study proposed a new nonviral gene delivery system for thrombus targeting therapy based on PEGlyation polyamides dendrimer (PAMAM) modified with RGDyC to condense the pDNA with recombinant hirudine (rHV) gene (RGDyC-rHV-EGFP). The RGDyC-mPEG-PAMAM was synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, PAMAM/pDNA was characterized by particle size, zeta potential, cellular uptake, and gel retraction assay. The transfection was carried out between lipofectamine 2000 and PAMAM/pDNA on HUVEC cells at various N/P ratios. The antithrombotic effect in vivo was evaluated by venous thrombosis model on Wistar rats. It showed that the drug delivery system of RGDyC modified PAMMA, which entrapped pDNA could significantly improve the transfection efficiency. It was about 7.56-times higher than that of lipofectamine 2000. In addition, the expression level of hirudine fusion protein was the highest at N/P ratio of 0.5. The results of antithrombotic effect showed that the weight of thrombus was reduced in RGDyC modified group; compared with heparin group, there was no significant difference ( P > 0.05). Overall, we take the advantage of the unique advantages of hirudine, combining the genetic engineering, nanocarriers, and targeting technology, to achieve the targeted enrichment and activation the hirudine fusion protein in the thrombus site, to improve the concentration of drugs in the thrombus site, finally increasing the curative effect and reduce the risk of bleeding. The strategy of gene delivery system holds unique properties as a gene delivery system and has great promises in thrombus targeting therapy.