We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Barbarea vulgaris (winter-cress or yellow rocket; Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Brassicales; Brassicaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 246.25 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.45%) is scaffolded into 8 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 364.65 kilobases and 154.59 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly at Ensembl identified 24,516 protein-coding genes.