Impairment of Internal Auditory Canal Barrier in Meniere's Disease

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this investigation was to explore the potential correlation between the signal intensity ratio (SIR) at the internal auditory canal (IAC) fundus and hearing impairment in Meniere's disease (MD), thereby providing a foundation to further understand the mechanisms underlying hearing loss. Design Fifty patients diagnosed with unilateral definite MD were enrolled in the study. 3D‐FLAIR MRI was conducted 4 h after intravenous administration of gadobutrol to determine the SIR of the bilateral IAC fundus. The difference in the SIR of the IAC fundus between the affected and unaffected sides was assessed, followed by an analysis of its correlation with low‐, middle‐, and high‐tone hearing thresholds. Correlation analysis was also conducted between the degree of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the vestibule and cochlea and the SIR on the affected side. Results The degree of EH in MD can be clearly visualised using 3D‐FLAIR MRI. The SIR on the affected side was significantly higher than that on the unaffected side ( p = 0.000). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the SIR at the affected and low ( r = 0.692, p = 0.000), middle ( r = 0.615, p = 0.000) and high‐tone ( r = 0.440, p = 0.001) hearing thresholds, while the SIR showed no significant correlation with cochlear ( r = 0.315, p = 0.088) or vestibular hydrops ( r = 0.215, p = 0.244). Conclusion The IAC fundus barrier may be damaged in patients with MD, representing one of the factors affecting the level of hearing.