A Review of Trustworthy and Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has accelerated the development of several systems that are elicited from it. This boom has made the systems vulnerable to security attacks and allows considerable bias in order to handle errors in the system. This puts humans at risk and leaves machines, robots, and data defenseless. Trustworthy AI (TAI) guarantees human value and the environment. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art on how to build a Trustworthy and eXplainable AI, taking into account that AI is a black box with little insight into its underlying structure. The paper also discusses various TAI components, their corresponding bias, and inclinations that make the system unreliable. The study also discusses the necessity for TAI in many verticals, including banking, healthcare, autonomous system, and IoT. We unite the ways of building trust in all fragmented areas of data protection, pricing, expense, reliability, assurance, and decision-making processes utilizing TAI in several diverse industries and to differing degrees. It also emphasizes the importance of transparent and post hoc explanation models in the construction of an eXplainable AI and lists the potential drawbacks and pitfalls of building eXplainable AI. Finally, the policies for developing TAI in the autonomous vehicle construction sectors are thoroughly examined and eclectic ways of building a reliable, interpretable, eXplainable, and Trustworthy AI systems are explained to guarantee safe autonomous vehicle systems.