Fabrication of BMSCs-affinity peptide functionalized blended hyaluronic acid/polydopamine nanofibrous scaffolds to controlled Mg ion release and improved osteogenic differentiations for accelerating bone regeneration

Bone regeneration requires innovative solutions to enhance osteogenic differentiation and support effective tissue repair. This study presents a novel approach to bone tissue engineering by developing peptide-functionalized nanofibrous scaffolds (NFS). The fabrication of a blended hyaluronic acid (HA) and polydopamine (PD) scaffold functionalized with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-affinity peptides (AP) designed to control magnesium ion (Mg) release, which supports BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration. Characterization studies, including fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and morphological analysis, confirmed the hydrophilic properties of HA/PDNFS@BMSCs-AP scaffolds, which enhance cell adhesion and proliferation. In vitro and In vivo assessments revealed that the scaffolds significantly promote osteogenesis through AP-induced pathways such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway (ERK) and Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (Akt),. Animal model experiments demonstrated accelerated bone repair, supporting the potential of HA/PDNFS@BMSCs-AP scaffolds for targeted bone defect healing. These findings highlight the promise of functionalized nanofibrous scaffolds in bone tissue engineering and their potential application in regenerative medicine and translational research.