The photosynthesis characteristics of wheat cultivars grown in MidShaanxi area were studied. The results indicated that in wheat cultivars improvement, leaf area coefficient was nearly no changed and photosynthesis rate of flag leaf increased from about 21 mol/m2s of old cultivars to 23 mol/m2s of current cultivars. Growth rate was significantly related with photosynthesis rate and was not significantly with leaf area coefficient. The result determining the day change of population photosynthesis rate in 3 cultivars suggested that population photosynthesis rate was mainly affected by environmental condition but there were obvious genetic differences between cultivars.The physiological reasons leading differences were different between cultivars.\;