Transcriptome analysis demonstrating the therapeutic effect of Tenodera angustipennis (Mantidis Ootheca) extracts on radiation‐induced gonadal toxicity in mouse testis

Abstract Mantidis Ootheca (MO) is the egg case of the praying mantis. MO has been used in Oriental and Chinese traditional medicine in a steamed form and is known for enhancing male fertility since ancient times. Here, we used total RNA sequencing to reveal the genome‐wide differential expression profiles of mice subjected to irradiation and Tenodera angustipennis MO extract treatment to understand the therapeutic effect of MO extract on radiation‐induced gonadal toxicity in mice. Approximately 225 genes exhibited differential expression patterns, among which 24 showed a reversal of expression pattern in response to irradiation and MO extract treatment. Most of these genes are associated with spermatogenesis and could be considered as candidates for further experimental studies. Considering that there is no approved radio‐protective drug for treating radiation‐induced damage to testicles, we would like to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of the use of MO extract as a traditional medicinal practice that can serve as a one of tool for the mitigation and treatment of gonadal toxicity.