Glucocorticoids and Water Balance: Implications for Hyponatremia Management and Pituitary Surgery

Water balance is fundamental to all homeostasis. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis influences water balance through the effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone and cortisol on arginine vasopressin secretion and the peripheral effects of cortisol on hemodynamics and renal water handling. In this review, we explored the complex interplay of glucocorticoids with water balance, with particular attention to hyponatremia and pituitary surgery.