光催化
氮化碳
电子转移
材料科学
纳米技术
碳纤维
石墨氮化碳
铋
化学
催化作用
光化学
有机化学
复合数
冶金
复合材料
作者
Yantao Shi,Zhanfeng Zhao,Dong Yang,Jiangdan Tan,Xin Xin,Yongqi Liu,Zhongyi Jiang
摘要
Photocatalytic ammonia synthesis (PAS) is an emerging zero carbon emission technology, which is critical for mitigating energy crises and achieving carbon neutrality. Herein, we summarize the recent advances and challenges in PAS from an engineering perspective based on its whole chain process, i.e., materials engineering, structure engineering and reaction engineering. For materials engineering, we discuss the commonly used photocatalytic materials including metal oxides, bismuth oxyhalides and graphitic carbon nitride and emerging materials, such as organic frameworks, along with the analysis of their characteristics and regulation methods to enhance the PAS performance. For structure engineering, the design of photocatalysts is described in terms of morphology, vacancy and band, corresponding to the crystal, atom and electron scales, respectively. Moreover, the structure-performance relationship of photocatalysts has been deeply explored in this section. For reaction engineering, we identify three key processes from the chemical reaction and mass transfer, i.e., nitrogen activation, molecule transfer and electron transfer, to intensify and optimize the PAS reaction. Hopefully, this review will provide a novel paradigm for the design and preparation of high-efficiency ammonia synthesis photocatalysts and inspire the practical application of PAS.
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