Unlocking the Treatment Code for Uveitis: The Potential Role of Epigenetics

To systematically explore the multi-dimensional mechanisms of the epigenetic regulatory network in uveitis, address the challenges faced by traditional treatments, and provide new ideas and directions for the precise diagnosis and treatment of this disease. A systematic review was conducted on the epigenetic regulation in uveitis, focusing on analyzing abnormal DNA methylation, dynamic balance of histone modifications, disease-specific regulatory characteristics of non-coding RNAs, as well as their applications in diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and targeted treatment strategies. The epigenetic regulatory network in uveitis includes abnormal DNA methylation driving immune imbalance, histone modification dynamics regulating inflammatory signal amplification, and disease-specific non-coding RNAs. Epigenetics shows value in uveitis diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted treatments, with relevant scientific challenges analyzed. This review clarifies the roles of epigenetics in uveitis, offering new insights for precise diagnosis and treatment, which is conducive to advancing research and clinical practice in the field.