MOF‐Decorated DC‐Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator Integrated with Self‐Charging Supercapacitor for Smart PC Screen Time Management

Abstract Conventional triboelectric nanogenerators generate direct current using auxiliary methods such as rectification circuits, mechanical switches, and the air breakdown principle, which increases the device's complexity and presents several limitations. In this work, a facile direct current tribovoltaic nanogenerator (DC‐TVNG) is proposed, where charge carriers are generated at a metal‐semiconductor heterojunction, producing a DC signal in the direction of the electric field. The heterojunction is formed using Al metal and ZIF‐67/PEDOT:PSS polymer semiconductor, where the incorporation of ZIF‐67 lowers work function of PEDOT:PSS and enhances the electric field, resulting in twofold increase in output performance compared to pristine PEDOT:PSS. Likewise, a supercapacitor is integrated with DC‐TVNG, which charges independently via the triboelectric mechanism by gently sliding over the semiconductor surface, thus functioning as a self‐charging supercapacitor. The DC‐TVNG delivers a power density of 9.2 mW m −2 at 10 kΩ, quickly charging the supercapacitor (areal capacitance‐110 µF cm −2 ) to 1 V in 5.5 s, without using any rectification methods. As a proof of concept, the integrated device is utilized to develop a recommendation system designed to mitigate risks associated with prolonged screen time. This work marks the first demonstration of directly charging a supercapacitor via the tribovoltaic mechanism, opening new avenues for the development of integrated systems and smart electronics.