Developing Advanced Control Strategies for Energy Management in Hybrid and Electric Vehicles

The growing demand for sustainable transportation solutions has propelled research into advanced control strategies for energy management in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). This paper presents an effective energy management strategy that optimizes energy utilization, enhances vehicle performance, and reduces environmental impacts. Various control strategies are examined for their effectiveness in real-time decision-making and integration with vehicle dynamics. The challenges associated with implementing these strategies, such as computational complexity and market variability, are also discussed. Furthermore, the role of simulation and testing in validating these control methods is emphasized. Future trends, including the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies, highlight the evolving landscape of energy management in the automotive sector. This research underscores the critical need for innovative approaches to energy management that align with sustainability goals and address the complexities of modern transportation systems.