Modification and Application of Bamboo-Based Materials: A Review—Part I: Modification Methods and Mechanisms

In light of continual societal advancement and escalating energy consumption, the pursuit of green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly technologies has become pivotal. Bamboo, renowned for its diverse advantages encompassing swift growth, ecological compatibility, robust regenerative properties, commendable mechanical characteristics, heightened hardness, and abundant availability, has discovered applications across various domains, including furniture and construction. Nevertheless, natural bamboo materials are plagued by inherent limitations, prominently featuring suboptimal hydrophobicity and vulnerability to fracture, thereby constraining their broad-scale application. Thus, the paramount concern is to enhance the performance of bamboo materials through modification. However, prevailing reviews of bamboo modification predominantly concentrate on physical or chemical approaches, resulting in a conspicuous absence of a comprehensive overview of bamboo modification techniques. This review explores an array of bamboo treatment modalities and delivers a valuable assessment of bamboo modification, offering significant guidance for forthcoming bamboo enhancement and utilization endeavors.