Synthesis, Photophysical Mechanisms, and Applications of Luminescent Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Metal Halides

Organic–inorganic hybrid metal halides (OIMHs) have attracted widespread attention due to their unique chemical properties, excellent electronic performance, and low-cost fabrication processes. These hybrid materials impose fewer size constraints on the organic components, providing an exciting platform for the molecular-level design of new materials and functionalities. In this review, we discuss the latest progress in OIMHs. Specifically, we summarize recent advances in their structures, synthetic strategies, and luminescence mechanisms, and highlight their applications in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), information encryption and anti-counterfeiting, sensors, and X-ray imaging. Finally, we discuss the challenges related to structural design, mechanistic understanding, and stability, along with perspectives on future opportunities for OIMHs.