[Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of dural tears and the consequent cerebrospinal fluid leak during spine surgery].

Dural tears (DT) and the consequent cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leak are not rare in spine surgeries. CSF leak can be troublesome, leading to pseudomeningocele, cutaneous CSF fistula, and meningitis. Revision surgery is unavoidable in some cases. The reported incidences of DT and CSF leak are different according to the various pathologies. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, revision spine surgery and multi-segment laminectomy have higher risks for DT. Various techniques have been described to manage this complication, such as bed rest, repair with dural substitutes, fibrin glue, gelatin sponge, lumbar drain, muscle flap, etc.Through objective evaluation of the evidence and transparency in the process of making recommendations, it is Chinese Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons' goal to develop evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of incidental DT and the consequent CSF leak during spine surgery. The current clinical guidelines focus on 9 clinical questions and the strength of recommendations were made based on the quality of the literature. The work group considers that this guideline recommendations aim to assist in delivering optimum, efficacious treatment and functional recovery from this complication.脊柱外科手术中发生硬脊膜破裂及脑脊液渗漏并不罕见。脑脊液渗漏会带来多种并发症，如假性脊膜膨出、皮下窦道及蛛网膜炎等，少数患者甚至需要接受翻修手术。不同脊柱疾病的硬脊膜破裂和脑脊液渗漏发生率也有所不同。后纵韧带骨化、脊柱翻修手术、多节段椎板切除术中硬脊膜破裂的风险更高。针对这一问题，临床医师采取了多种措施进行处理，包括平卧制动，使用硬脊膜补片、纤维蛋白胶、明胶海绵修复、腰椎引流、肌瓣填塞等。中国医师协会骨科医师分会指南编写工作组依据循证医学方法，针对临床不同情况制定了《脊柱手术硬脊膜破裂及术后脑脊液渗漏的循证临床诊疗指南》，着重关注9个临床问题，并依据文献证据等级给出相应的推荐等级。工作组希望本指南能够为医师的临床诊疗提供最佳的、有效的治疗方案，从而让患者获得最佳的康复效果。.