电催化剂
析氧
电化学
催化作用
卟啉
氧还原反应
纳米技术
化学
二氧化碳电化学还原
氧还原
材料科学
组合化学
电极
光化学
有机化学
一氧化碳
物理化学
作者
Shaoxuan Yang,Yihuan Yu,Xinjin Gao,Zhengping Zhang,Feng Wang
摘要
Applications of phthalocyanines (Pcs) in electrocatalysis-including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)-have attracted considerable attention recently. Pcs and their derivatives are more attractive than many other macrocycles as electrocatalysts since, although they are structurally related to natural porphyrin complexes, they offer the advantages of low cost, facile synthesis and good chemical stability. Moreover, their high tailorability and structural diversity mean Pcs have great potential for application in electrochemical devices. Here we review the structure and composition of Pcs, methods of synthesis of Pcs and their analogues, as well as applications of Pc-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts. Optimization strategies for Pc-based materials for electrocatalysis of ORR, CO2RR, OER and HER are proposed, based on the mechanisms of the different electrochemical reactions. We also discuss the structure/composition-catalytic activity relationships for different Pc materials and Pc-based electrocatalysts in order to identify future practical applications. Finally, future opportunities and challenges in the use of molecular Pcs and Pc derivatives as electrocatalysts are discussed.
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