Asymmetric resorbable‐based dental barrier membrane for periodontal guided tissue regeneration and guided bone regeneration: A review

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) are two common dental regenerative treatments targeted at reconstructing damaged periodontal tissue and bone caused by periodontitis. During GTR/GBR treatment, a barrier membrane is placed in the interface between the soft tissue and the periodontal defect to inhibit soft tissue ingrowth and creating a space for the infiltration of slow-growing bone cells into the defect site. Recently, asymmetric resorbable-based barrier membrane has received a considerable attention as a new generation of GTR/GBR membrane. Despite numerous literatures about asymmetric-based membrane that had been published, there is lacks comprehensive review on asymmetric barrier membrane that particularly highlight the importance of membrane structure for periodontal regeneration. In this review, we systematically cover the latest development and advancement of various kinds of asymmetric barrier membranes used in periodontal GTR/GBR application. Herein, the ideal requirements for constructing a barrier membrane as well as the rationale behind the asymmetric design, are firstly presented. Various innovative methods used in fabricating asymmetric barrier membrane are being further discussed. Subsequently, the application and evaluation of various types of asymmetric barrier membrane used for GTR/GBR are compiled and extensively reviewed based on the recent literatures reported. Based on the existing gap in this field, the future research directions of asymmetric resorbable-based barrier membrane such as its combination potential with bone grafts, are also presented.