The utilization of lignocellulosic wastes for laccase production under semisolid-state and submerged fermentation conditions

The aim of this study was to produce laccase enzymes by using various lignocellulosic wastes (LCWs) under semisolid-state (SsF) and submerged fermentation (SF) conditions. White rot fungi are the best laccase-producing organisms and they can be easily grown on LCW. Thus, in this work, Trametes trogii (Berk.) ATCC 200800 and Trametes versicolor (L.) ATCC 200801, well-known laccase-producing white rot fungi, were used as laccase-producing organisms. According to the literature, some of the LCWs such as sunflower receptacle, apricot seed shell, and bulrush were tested first as substrates for laccase production by these fungi. In SsF, the maximum laccase activities were 2206 U/L for T. trogii incubated in a medium containing walnut shell and 387 U/L for T. versicolor incubated in a medium containing corncob. In SF, the highest laccase activities, 386 U/L and 1216 U/L, were obtained from T. trogii grown in a medium containing pulverized apricot seed shell and T. versicolor grown in a medium containing pulverized bulrush, respectively. Because laccase is an important biotechnological enzyme with widespread applications, it can be useful to utilize these natural substrates for laccase production by these fungi.