Objective To study the rational use of antibiotics during the Orthopedics perioperative period.Methods Analysis of 589 patients were provided with antibiotics during the Orthopedics operation perioperative period from January 2005 to January 2006.Results All 589 patients were provided with antibiotics before operation,among them 207 patients(35.14%) were provided with antibiotics 24 hours before operation,355 patients(60.27%) were provided with unite antibiotics,with an average time of(7±2.7)days.Conclusion The antibiotics were abused during the Orthopedic perioperative period,need to be corrected and reasonable application.