Objective:To observe the effectiveness of using composite resin inlay in restoration of the massive destruction first permanent molar in children.Method:The clinical effects of indirect composite resin inlay in 28 badly broken-down first permanent molars were evaluated in USPHS criterion (marginal discoloration,marginal adaption,secondary caries,anatomic shape integrity and fractures of tooth)18 months later.Result:18 months after treatment,every composite inlay restoration for the first permanent molar of children had a satisfactory clinical performance,except one case fractured a part of tooth.Conclusion:The composite resin inlay is a new alternative to the restoration of children's permanent molars.