Researches on green ports and shipping management: An overview

The frequent shipping activities have caused severe environmental problems. To realize the goal of emission reduction in shipping, it is important to implement a systematic analysis on how to achieve green ports and green shipping. This paper summarizes the literature on energy savings and emission reduction in shipping from three perspectives, i.e., green ports, green shipping, and green maritime policies. The green ports issues include port management and port technologies; the green shipping issues analyze shipping management and shipping technologies; the green maritime policy issues cover some existing policies and measures and their impacts on shipping industry and environment. This paper also identifies some research gaps and outlines some potential research opportunities, including green port oriented studies, green shipping oriented studies, and emission policy oriented studies. 港口与航运运营活动已经引起严重的环境问题。为了实现港口与航运业减排的目标，系统地分析如何构建绿色港口和绿色航运运营系统显得尤为重要。本文从绿色港口、绿色航运和绿色海事政策三个方面对港口与航运业节能减排的相关文献进行了总结。绿色港口问题包括港口管理和港口技术；绿色航运问题包括航运管理和航运技术；绿色海事政策问题包括一些现有的政策和措施及其对航运业和环境的影响。本文也提出了一些未来的研究方向，包括绿色港口导向的研究、绿色航运导向的研究和排放政策导向的研究。