分馏
氢
环境化学
氢同位素
氘
作文(语言)
水生生态系统
化学
生态学
环境科学
天体生物学
地质学
海洋学
生物
有机化学
量子力学
语言学
物理
哲学
作者
Dirk Sachse,Isabelle Billault,Gabriel J. Bowen,Yoshito Chikaraishi,Todd E. Dawson,Sarah J. Feakins,Katherine H. Freeman,Clayton Magill,Francesca A. McInerney,Marcel T. J. van der Meer,P. J. Polissar,Richard J. Robins,Julian P. Sachs,H.‐L. Schmidt,Alex L. Sessions,James W. C. White,Jason B. West,Ansgar Kahmen
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-earth-042711-105535
摘要
Hydrogen-isotopic abundances of lipid biomarkers are emerging as important proxies in the study of ancient environments and ecosystems. A decade ago, pioneering studies made use of new analytical methods and demonstrated that the hydrogen-isotopic composition of individual lipids from aquatic and terrestrial organisms can be related to the composition of their growth (i.e., environmental) water. Subsequently, compound-specific deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratios of sedimentary biomarkers have been increasingly used as paleohydrological proxies over a range of geological timescales. Isotopic fractionation observed between hydrogen in environmental water and hydrogen in lipids, however, is sensitive to biochemical, physiological, and environmental influences on the composition of hydrogen available for biosynthesis in cells. Here we review the factors and processes that are known to influence the hydrogen-isotopic compositions of lipids—especially n-alkanes—from photosynthesizing organisms, and we provide a framework for interpreting their D/H ratios from ancient sediments and identify future research opportunities.
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