药物遗传学
药物基因组学
DPYD公司
医学
药品
药理学
加药
不利影响
功效
个性化医疗
生物信息学
肿瘤科
内科学
基因型
生物
遗传学
基因
作者
Erika Cecchin,Bianca Posocco,Silvia Mezzalira,Marialuisa Appetecchia,Giuseppe Toffoli
标识
DOI:10.1124/jpet.122.001416
摘要
The use of pharmacogenetic guidelines in personalizing treatments has shown the potential to reduce interindividual variability in drug response by enabling genotype-matched dosing and drug selection. However, other important factors, such as patient gender, may interact strongly with pharmacogenetics in determining the individual profile of toxicity and efficacy, but are still rarely considered when planning pharmacological treatment. The literature indicates that males and females respond differently to drugs, with women being at higher risk for toxicity and having different plasma exposure to drugs at standard doses. Recent studies have shown that pharmacogenetic variants may have different predictive value in different sexes, as in the case of treatment with opioids, ACE inhibitors, or proton pump inhibitors. Of particular interest is the case of treatment with fluoropyrimidines for cancer. A significant increase in toxicity has been described in female patients, with a more pronounced effect of specific DPYD and TYMS polymorphisms also noted. This manuscript reviews the major findings in the field of sex-specific pharmacogenomics. Significance Statement Interindividual variability in drug response is an emerging issue in pharmacology. The genetic profile of patients, as well as their gender, may play a role in the identification of patients more exposed to the risk of adverse drug reactions or poor efficacy. This article reviews the current state of research on the interaction between gender and pharmacogenetics in addressing interindividual variability.
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