China Sanlu milk powder incident has been drawn widespread attention for melamine at home and abroad.In recent years,it has been reported continually that the toxic effects of melamine,especially melamine together with cyanuric acid on human,rat, chicken,swine and other different animals.In this review,we covered physical and chemical properties of melamine and cyanuric acid, effects on human,mouse,chicken and other small animals,as well as the composition of stones caused by melamine.It was expected that the information included in this paper might be helpful for further research in this field.