Tapered optical fiber geometries and sensing applications based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer: A review

Abstract In this review paper, we systematically summarize the various tapered optical fiber geometries and their sensing applications based on MZI. In addition, these geometries exploit strong evanescent field by giving appraise of the current issues with their sensing applications. The main advantage of these geometries is to minimize the size of optical devices, also it offers the possibility of enhanced result. The interferometer based sensors are being frequently used for multi-parameter sensing applications due to their flexible construction or geometries. This paper concludes with brief discussion on the future outlook for MZI based optical fiber sensor using various tapered geometries. This review would be useful for the researchers to develop miniaturize fiber devices with enhanced sensing performance.