Synergistic flame retardant effect of a new N-P flame retardant on poplar wood density board

A new and efficient flame retardant consisting of Ammonium tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triphosphate (ATITP) was prepared by a solvent-free synthesis method for improving the flame retardancy of poplar wood density boards. The flame retardant mechanism was probed, and the mechanism of capturing combustion radicals, synergistically promoting charring and inhibiting heat was summarized. The density board treated with 20% ATITP had an ultimate oxygen index (LOI) of was up to 65.1%. In the experiment of cone calorimetry (CONE), the total heat release (THR) of flame retardant density board was reduced by 73.9% compared with the pure density board sample, while the heat release rate (HRR), CO and CO2 production were significantly reduced. In addition, the analysis with a thermogravimetric infrared coupler (TG-FTIR) and thermal cracking gas mass spectrometer (Py-GC–MS) revealed that the flame retardant exerted a gas-phase and condensed-phase flame retardant during the thermal decomposition process to alter the thermal cracking pathway of wood powder. It was demonstrated that the poplar density board treated with ATITP has good flame retardancy, which provides a simple and efficient method for flame retardant density board for building materials.