UHRF1 in Immune Regulation and Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

As a key epigenetic regulator, E3 ubiquitin-ligase ubiquitin-like containing PHD and RING finger domains 1 (UHRF1) is essential for maintaining genomic stability. The aberrant activation of UHRF1 has been strongly implicated in cancer progression. Emerging evidence indicates that UHRF1 serves as a pivotal orchestrator of immune homeostasis. This review provides an overview of the impact of UHRF1 on both innate and adaptive immunity, highlighting its epigenetic and regulatory roles in the development and function of macrophages, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. Crucially, the protective mechanisms of UHRF1 in autoimmune disorders while concurrently detailing its tumor-promoting functions are dissected. Finally, this review discusses the therapeutic challenges and future perspectives for targeting UHRF1 in autoimmune disorders and cancers.