In this paper, a novel one-class classification approach, namely, robust smooth one-class support vector machine (RSOCSVM) is proposed. The proposed method can efficiently enhance the anti-noise ability of the traditional one-class support vector machine (OCSVM). Utilizing the smooth technique, RSOCSVM reformulates the quadratic programming problem of OCSVM as an unstrained optimization format. Moreover, half-quadratic minimization is used to solve the obtained unstrained optimization problem. Experimental results on two synthetic data sets and nine benchmark data sets demonstrate that the proposed method is superior to the traditional OCSVM.