Chlorethanes and Chloroethylenes

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Chloroethanes 1.1. Monochloroethane 1.1.1. Physical Properties 1.1.2. Chemical Properties 1.1.3. Production 1.1.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.2. 1,1‐Dichloroethane 1.2.1. Physical Properties 1.2.2. Chemical Properties 1.2.3. Production 1.2.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.3. 1,2‐Dichloroethane 1.3.1. Physical Properties 1.3.2. Chemical Properties 1.3.3. Production 1.3.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.4. 1,1,1‐Trichloroethane 1.4.1. Physical Properties 1.4.2. Chemical Properties 1.4.3. Production 1.4.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.5. 1,1,2‐Trichloroethane 1.5.1. Physical Properties 1.5.2. Chemical Properties 1.5.3. Production 1.5.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.6. 1,1,1,2‐Tetrachloroethane 1.6.1. Physical Properties 1.6.2. Chemical Properties 1.6.3. Production 1.7. 1,1,2,2‐Tetrachloroethane 1.7.1. Physical Properties 1.7.2. Chemical Properties 1.7.3. Production 1.7.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.8. Pentachloroethane 1.8.1. Physical Properties 1.8.2. Chemical Properties 1.8.3. Production 1.8.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 1.9. Hexachloroethane 1.9.1. Physical Properties 1.9.2. Chemical Properties 1.9.3. Production 1.9.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 2. Chloroethylenes 2.1. Vinyl Chloride (VCM) 2.1.1. Physical Properties 2.1.2. Chemical Properties 2.1.3. Production 2.1.3.1. Vinyl Chloride from Acetylene 2.1.3.2. Vinyl Chloride from 1,2‐Dichloroethane 2.1.3.3. Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene by Direct Routes 2.1.3.4. Vinyl Chloride from Ethane 2.1.3.5. Vinyl Chloride by Other Routes 2.1.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 2.2. 1,1‐Dichloroethylene (Vinylidene Chloride, VDC) 2.2.1. Physical Properties 2.2.2. Chemical Properties 2.2.3. Production 2.2.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 2.3. 1,2‐Dichloroethylene 2.3.1. Physical Properties 2.3.2. Chemical Properties 2.3.3. Production 2.3.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 2.4. Trichloroethylene 2.4.1. Physical Properties 2.4.2. Chemical Properties 2.4.3. Production 2.4.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 2.5. Tetrachloroethylene 2.5.1. Physical Properties 2.5.2. Chemical Properties 2.5.3. Production 2.5.4. Uses and Economic Aspects 3. Analysis and Quality Control of Chloroethanes and Chloroethylenes 4. Storage and Transportation of Chloroethanes and Chloroethylenes 5. Environmental Aspects in the Production of Chloroethanes and Chloroethylenes 6. Toxicology