Association of SARC-F Score and Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale with CT-Derived Muscle Mass in Patients with Aortic Aneurysms

Patients with aortic aneurysms (AA) are often co-morbid and susceptible to frailty. Low core muscle mass has been used as a surrogate marker of sarcopenia and indicator of frailty. This study aimed to assess association between core muscle mass with sarcopenia screening tool SARC-F and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) in patients with AA. Prospective audit of patients in pre-operative aortic clinic between 01/07/2019–31/01/2020 including frailty assessment using Rockwood CFS and sarcopenia screening using SARC-F questionnaire. Psoas and sartorius muscle area were measured on pre-operative CT scans and adjusted for height. Association was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Of 84 patients assessed, median age was 75 years [72,82], 84.5% were men, 65.5% were multimorbid and 63.1% had polypharmacy. Nineteen percent were identified as frail (CFS score >3) and 6.1% positively screened for sarcopenia (SARC-F score 4 or more). Median psoas area (PMA) at L3 was 5.6cm2/m2 [4.8,6.6] and L4 was 7.4cm2/m2 [6.3,8.6]. Median sartorius area (SMA) was 1.8 cm2/m2 [1.5,2.2]. CFS demonstrated weak but statistically significant negative correlation with height-adjusted PMA at L3 (r=−0.25, p=0.034) but not at L4 (r=−0.23, p=0.051) or with SMA (r=−0.22, p=0.065). No association was observed between SARC-F score and PMA or SMA (L3 PMA r=−0.015, p=0.9; L4 PMA r=−0.0014, p= 0.99; SMA r=−0.051, p=0.67) CFS showed higher association with CT-derived muscle mass than SARC-F. Comprehensive pre-operative risk-stratification tools which incorporate frailty assessment and body composition analysis may assist in decision making for surgery and allow opportunity for pre-habilitation.