Measurement of vector transmission matrix and control of beam focusing through a multiple-scattering medium based on a vector spatial light modulator and two-channel polarization holography

An experimental system for measuring the complex vector transmission matrix (VTM) of an anisotropic multiple-scattering medium (AMSM) is proposed. In this system, a simple vector spatial light modulator unit composed of a conventional transmittance spatial light modulator and a small-angle birefringent beam splitter is introduced to realize programmable and quantitative control of both the amplitudes and phases of two orthogonal polarization components of the input vector beam point by point. At the same time, a two-channel angular-multiplexing holographic polarization recording geometry is applied to realize the synchronous holographic measurement of the two orthogonal polarization components of the scattered light field. Using this system, we measured the VTM of an AMSM composed of the ZnO scattering layer. At the same time, we also demonstrated that the system can be directly applied to realize focusing a vector beam through the AMSM based on the measured VTM.