Based on the marine environment quality and mariculture situations in the Xiangshangang Bay, direct or indirect effects of mariculture on the ambient ecological environment are analyzed and existing problems in mariculture are discussed in view of marine environment protection. In accordance with the present situation of mariculture, we put forward some countermeasures for protecting the coastal ecological environment and the sustainable development for mariculture, and proposed a series of suggestions for the environment protection and comprehensive management in the major coastal mariculture area.