Prolaktinoma: Olgu Sunumu ve Hiperprolaktinemiye Güncel Yaklafl›m

Summary Prolactin is a hormon secreted from anterior hypophysis. Its main functions are lactation, reproduction, growth and osmoregulation. Hyperprolactinemia is the most common endocrine disorder of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Hyperprolactinemia often causes hypogonadism and galactorrhea in both sexes, while menstrual dysfunction and infertility in females and empotance in males are the most common symptoms. In addition, there may be neurological symptoms by mass effect in the sellar area if its caused by a macroprolactinoma. Dopamine agonists (bromocriptine, pergolide, cabergoline) are the first step choices in the treatment. Main indications of surgery in prolactinomas are intolerance of the medication, and tumors not responding to dopamine agonists. Occasionally, these may ultimately require radiation therapy. In this article we review guidelines which can help the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia.