Comprehensive Review on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene: Structure Characterization, Growth Strategy, and Capacitive Energy Storage

Nitrogen-doped graphene (NG), as an important emerging nanomaterial, exhibits superior electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and improved hydrophilicity and has received much attention. In this review, we summarize the influence of N on the structures and properties of the graphene lattice, the key factors of NG controllable preparation, and the synthesis methods and characterization techniques. In particular, we discuss the mechanisms of N configuration and content, electrical conductivity, pore structure, and wettability on the capacitive properties toward the application of capacitive energy storage. Finally, we point out the currently encountered challenges and prospective research trends.