Research Progress on Modulation of Electromagnetic Performance through Micro-nanostructure Design

Absorptive materials, by absorbing electromagnetic wave energy, effectively mitigate electromagnetic interference through the reduction or elimination of wave reflection.The electromagnetic parameters of materials determine their electromagnetic wave absorption performance.Traditional control strategies, such as adjusting the filler ratio, changing macroscopic morphology, and composite methods, have certain limitations and cannot fundamentally alter the electromagnetic parameters, hindering their further development.Micro-nanostructure design strategies can fundamentally change the electromagnetic parameters of materials by altering their electrical conductivity, charge density, and magnetic properties.This approach demonstrates significant advantages in controlling electromagnetic wave absorption capacity.However, the difficulty of precise micro-nanostructure design and restrictions on mass production pose challenges to its development.Additionally, comprehending the structure-property relationships between these micro-nanostructures and electromagnetic wave response and loss mechanisms still poses significant challenges.Herein, a comprehensive review of the structure-property relationships between micro-nanostructures and electromagnetic