Review—Development of Graphene-based Photodiode Device: Synthesis, Deposition, and Characterization

Abstract Graphene stands out as a pivotal material due to its exceptional flexibility and remarkable conductivity, making it highly versatile for a wide range of energy applications. A renowned electronic material, graphene has demonstrated its capability to significantly enhance the performance of photodetector devices. Initially discovered within graphite, graphene and graphene oxide were subsequently synthesized for various applications, including photodetection. The synthesis of graphene oxide was first found in 1859; however, the most effective synthesis method is the improved Hummer's method, which is both eco-friendly and environmentally safe. Various methods exist for depositing graphene, including spin-coating, chemical deposition method, drop cast, etc. The findings emphasize the capacity of GO layer with wider bandgaps serve as efficient hole transfer layers which enhance hole mobility. Over time, numerous advancements have enhanced graphene's properties, making its fabrication and analysis highly valuable.