• Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is an advanced sequencing technique that identifies all protein-coding genes (exons) present in an individual's genome. • Whole-exome sequencing improves the ability to classify myeloid malignancies for prognostic purposes • WES can detect germline mutations linked to inherited cancer syndromes. • Whole exome sequencing of distant relatives in multiplex families implicates rare variants in candidate genes for oral clefts] • Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a powerful tool that enables the identification of genetic mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor pathways