GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS AS A DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE ABDOMEN

Introduction: Acute abdomen is a frequent cause of emergency consultations, requiring rapid evaluation and decision-making. Gynecological disorders can mimic surgical emergencies, leading to diagnostic uncertainty and potential delays in management. A precise understanding of these conditions is essential to avoid unnecessary interventions and improve outcomes. Objective: This review aims to analyze the spectrum of gynecological disorders that present as acute abdomen, emphasizing diagnostic strategies and emergency management. Secondary objectives include highlighting clinical overlaps with surgical conditions, discussing imaging modalities, and evaluating treatment approaches. Methods: A narrative review was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for publications from the last five years. Studies focusing on acute abdomen with gynecological etiologies, including clinical trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews, were included. Results and Discussion: Gynecological disorders such as ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, pelvic inflammatory disease, and ruptured ovarian cysts are among the main differential diagnoses of acute abdomen. Clinical evaluation is frequently inconclusive, making imaging studies, especially ultrasound and computed tomography, central to diagnosis. Early gynecological consultation and a multidisciplinary approach significantly improve patient outcomes. Conclusion: Gynecological disorders constitute a critical differential diagnosis in acute abdomen, requiring emergency physicians to maintain high clinical suspicion. Integration of clinical, laboratory, and imaging data is essential for accurate diagnosis and management. Standardized protocols and collaborative strategies enhance patient safety.