Matching strategy between sulfide solid electrolyte and various anodes: electrolyte modification, interface engineering and electrode structure design

Sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs) have become a promising electrolyte material in the past decades because of high room temperature ionic conductivity and good mechanical properties. However, due to the narrow electrochemical window of SSEs and poor air stability, SSEs face various problems when adapting to different anodes. Therefore, the design and optimization of compatibility strategy between SSEs and different anodes is of great significance to broaden the application prospect of SSEs. In this review, the inherent electrochemical stability of SSEs and their compatibility with lithium metal and sodium metal anodes is firstly systematically analyzed and compared. Most importantly, based on the comparative analysis, the selection and preparation principles of interface layer materials for metal anodes are proposed. In comparison, the interface compatibility and corresponding matching strategies between SSEs and non-metallic anodes (including carbon-based anode, silicon anode, etc.) have also been compared and analyzed. Moreover, some innovative adaptive modification strategies that are difficult to classify by electrode are also added to provide more ideas on improving interface adaptation. Finally, the development direction and prospect of various anodes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries are deduced, and the commercial application of SSEs is further promoted to support high-performance all-solid-state battery applications.