Huangqi Jianzhong Tang treats chronic atrophic gastritis rats by regulating intestinal flora and conjugated bile acid metabolism

Abstract Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (HQJZ) is effective for treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). The present study was carried out to reveal the mechanism of HQJZ in CAG rats. The metabolism and microbial composition of the cecal contents in CAG rats were analyzed through the integration of an untargeted metabolomic approach using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with the quadrupole–time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–QTOF–MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Finally, MetOrigin analyses were performed to explore the relationship between differential metabolites and intestinal flora. The results showed that HQJZ could significantly regulate metabolic disorders, especially conjugated acid metabolites. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis illustrated that HQJZ decreased the abundance of Acetobacter , Desulfovibrio , Escherichia , and Shigella . MetOrigin metabolite traceability analysis showed that the six bile acids associated with HQJZ efficacy included three bacteria–host cometabolites, which were involved in the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway. Research presented here confirmed that conjugated bile acid metabolism was key to the treatment of CAG by HQJZ and correlates strongly with Bacteroides acidifaciens and Prevotella copri . These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms to explain the efficacy of HQJZ.