High-Harmonic Generation and Femtosecond-Resolved Ultrafast Dynamics in Liquid Water

. Via frequency filtering, the individual attosecond pulses can be obtained from liquid water. More importantly, photoinduced plasma generation and insulator-to-metal transition can be directly tracked via time-resolved HHG with femtosecond resolution. Our work offers novel insights into liquid-based HHG and reveals the femtosecond-resolved nonequilibrium dynamics of photoexcited liquid water, which can be experimentally probed by time-resolved HHG.