This paper explored soil water movement rules under 4 different kinds of initial soil water content through indoor simulation and theoretical analysis.Test showed that the initial soil water content had a significant impact on infiltration characteristics.In the same infiltration time,the greater the initial moisture content was,the smaller the amount of cumulative infiltration,and the smaller the infiltration rate.The wetting front migration distance increased with the initial moisture content increases.The greater the initial moisture content was,the larger the moist body,and the larger the moisture content in the same position.The improved Kostiakov infiltration model,the power function of the distance of initial moisture content and wetting front were established.The verification showed the model had high precision.