Tracking Brain Plasticity in Cochlear Implant Patients Using the Event-Related Optical Signal (EROS)

Event Abstract Back to Event Tracking Brain Plasticity in Cochlear Implant Patients Using the Event-Related Optical Signal (EROS) Chun-Yu Tse1, 2*, Michael A. Novak3, Chin-Hong Tan2, Jennifer Black3, Brian A. Gordon2, 4, Ed Maclin2, Benjamin Zimmerman2, Gabriele Gratton2 and Monica Fabiani2 1 The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Psychology & Center for Cognition and Brain Studies, China 2 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute & Department of Psychology, United States 3 Carle Foundation Hospital, United States 4 Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Radiology, United States Cochlear implants assist people with profound hearing loss to interact with the environment and to reestablish verbal communication, by replacing the function of damaged cochlear hair cells with direct stimulation of the auditory nerve. This process provides a unique opportunity for studying plasticity in the adult human brain. Changes in the fronto-temporal network involved in auditory sensory discrimination were tracked from before to after implantation (i.e., before the implant, at 2-weeks post-implant, and at 6-months post-implant) in six cochlear implant patients using the Event-Related Optical Signal (EROS). EROS measures changes in the way brain tissue scatters near-infrared light that are associated with neuronal activity. EROS has high resolution in both the temporal and spatial dimensions, as it can measure the time course of neuronal activity in localized brain regions. All participants suffered from post-lingual hearing loss in the high frequency range, but had some residual hearing in the low frequency range. Each imaging session included three types of stimulus blocks: high and low frequency auditory discrimination, and visual discrimination (control) blocks. Auditory blocks consisted of 100-ms (80%) and 50-ms (20%) tones while visual blocks consisted of vertical (80%) or horizontal (20%) black-and-white bars. Participants had to classify the stimuli according to the length of the tones or the orientation of the bars by button press. After implantation, larger improvements in accuracy were observed for the high-frequency than for the low-frequency blocks. This corresponded to an increase in activity in the high-frequency blocks at a latency of 100-200 ms after tone presentation, which was observed in temporal cortex in most participants and in frontal cortex in some participants. This is the first study demonstrating the feasibility of using EROS for monitoring brain reorganization associated with recovery of hearing ability after cochlear implant. Keywords: Auditory Perception, Cochlear Implants, plasticity, Event-Related Optical Signal (EROS), fronto-temporal network Conference: XII International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON-XII), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 27 Jul - 31 Jul, 2014. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Methods Development Citation: Tse C, Novak MA, Tan C, Black J, Gordon BA, Maclin E, Zimmerman B, Gratton G and Fabiani M (2015). Tracking Brain Plasticity in Cochlear Implant Patients Using the Event-Related Optical Signal (EROS). Conference Abstract: XII International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON-XII). doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2015.217.00063 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 19 Feb 2015; Published Online: 24 Apr 2015. * Correspondence: Prof. Chun-Yu Tse, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Psychology & Center for Cognition and Brain Studies, Sha Tin, China, cytse@psy.cuhk.edu.hk Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Chun-Yu Tse Michael A Novak Chin-Hong Tan Jennifer Black Brian A Gordon Ed Maclin Benjamin Zimmerman Gabriele Gratton Monica Fabiani Google Chun-Yu Tse Michael A Novak Chin-Hong Tan Jennifer Black Brian A Gordon Ed Maclin Benjamin Zimmerman Gabriele Gratton Monica Fabiani Google Scholar Chun-Yu Tse Michael A Novak Chin-Hong Tan Jennifer Black Brian A Gordon Ed Maclin Benjamin Zimmerman Gabriele Gratton Monica Fabiani PubMed Chun-Yu Tse Michael A Novak Chin-Hong Tan Jennifer Black Brian A Gordon Ed Maclin Benjamin Zimmerman Gabriele Gratton Monica Fabiani Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.