An optimization research of the formula and cultivating conditions of liquid culture medium of mushroom(Lentinula edodes) was carried out by using single element contrast and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that when the glucose 2%,soybean meal 4%and sawdust 4%were added initially,the yield of mycelia was the highest.The best cultivating conditions were pH 5.5(initial),inoculation amount 15%and liquid volume in flask 80 mL/250 mL.This research provided reference for the production of liquid strain of Lentinula edodes.