Summary Liede, S.: Cynanchum – Rhodostegiella – Vincetoxicum – Tylophora (Asclepiadaceae): new considerations on an old problem. – Taxon 45: 193‐211. 1996. – ISSN 0040‐0262. On the basis of morphological and chemical data, the genus Vincetoxicum is recognized as separate from Cynanchum. Tylophora is identified as the closest relative of Vincetoxicum. In consequence, eleven new combinations in Vincetoxicum are proposed. The C. auriculatum group is recognized as C. sect. Rhodostegiella. Tylophoropsis must be included in Tylophora, which results in one new combination.