【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between the expression of AQP1 and malignant transformation of endometriosis.【Methods】 9 malignant endometriosis cases,8 atypical hyperplasia endometriosis cases and 15 endometriosis cases were chosen in this study.AQP1 mRNA and AQP1expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western Blot.【Results】 The level of expression of AQP1 mRNA and AQP was highest in the malignant endometriosis cases,second in the atypical hyperplasia endometriosis cases and lowest in the endometriosis cases(P 0.05).【Conclusion】 High level expression of AQP1 may be associated with the malignant transformation of endometriosis.